보도자료
보도일시	배포시		배포일시	2020. 10. 15(목) 08:00
담당과장	국제금융국 다자금융과장 심현우 (044- 215- 4810)		담당자	고상현 사무관 (044- 215- 4811) 박수민 사무관 (044- 215- 4812) 송상목 사무관 (044- 215- 4813) 서민아 사무관 (044- 215- 4814) 송하균 선임조사역 (044- 215- 4818)

홍남기 부총리, 제4차 G20 재무장관회의(비대면) 참석 결과 -  국제금융체제 공동의장국으로서 저소득국 채무상환 유예 연장 및 중장기 포괄적 채무재조정 원칙 합의에 적극 기여하고,  이행 과정에서의 협력 당부 -

□ 홍남기 부총리 겸 기획재정부 장관은 ’20.10.14.(수) 19시 30분(한국시간), 화상으로 개최된「제4차 G20 재무장관ㆍ중앙은행총재 회의」에 참석하였다.

ㅇ 이번 G20 재무장관회의는 당초 미국 워싱턴 D.C.에서 개최될 예정이었으나, 코로나19 팬데믹으로 인해 화상으로 개최하였다.

ㅇ 동 회의에는 주요 20개국 및 초청국^*의 재무장관ㆍ중앙은행 총재들과 국제통화기금(IMF)ㆍ경제협력개발기구(OECD)ㆍ세계은행(WB)ㆍ금융안정위원회(FSB) 등 주요 국제기구 대표들이 참석하였다.

* 스페인, 싱가포르, 스위스, 요르단, UAE(’20년 걸프협력회의 의장국), 베트남(’20년 ASEAN 의장국), 세네갈(’20년 아프리카 개발을 위한 새로운 파트너십 의장국) 

□ 이번 회의는 3개 세션으로 구분하여, 1세션에서는 저소득국 채무상환 유예^*(Debt Service Suspension Initiative; DSSI), 코로나19 대응을 위한 G20 액션플랜^** 업데이트 등을 논의하였고, 

* 앙골라 등 73개국 저소득국이 보유한 공적채무의 상환기간을 올해말까지 연장(갱신가능)

** 코로나19 위기극복을 위해 마련(’20.4월)한 G20의 공조방안로서, ^①방역대응, 
^②경제대응, ^③국제금융지원, ^④지속성장 회복, ^⑤미래준비 등 5개 분야로 구성

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ㅇ 2세션과 3세션에서는 각각 최근 OECD -  G20 IF^*에서 상정한 디지털세 청사진(blueprint)과 기타 금융이슈 등을 논의하였다.

* Inclusive Framework : BEPS(다국적기업 세원잠식 방지대책) 이행을 위한 회의체(137개국)

ㅇ 논의 종료 후에는 주요 논의결과 및 합의사항을 정리한 G20 재무장관·중앙은행총재 공동성명서를 발표하였다.(☞참고)

【 주요 논의결과 】

(1) 1세션: 저소득국 채무상환 유예, G20 액션플랜 업데이트 등

□ 1세션에서는 이번 회의 최대성과인 저소득국 채무상환 유예 연장과 포괄적 채무재조정 추진, 그리고 액션플랜 업데이트 등에 대해 논의하였다. 

< DSSI >

□ G20은 지난 4월 제2차 G20 재무장관회의에서 우리나라가 공동의장국(한국, 프랑스)으로 있는 국제금융체제 워킹그룹^*을 중심으로 DSSI를 마련한 바 있다.

* 국제금융체제 워킹그룹(IFA WG; International Financial Architecture Working Group): 자본이동 관리 등 글로벌 금융안정성 확보방안 마련(공동의장국: 한국, 프랑스)

ㅇ DSSI 종료가 두 달여 남은 상황에서 저소득국의 경제여건이 여전히 어려운 점 등을 감안하여, G20은 이번 회의에서 DSSI 연장과 DSSI 이후 포괄적 채무재조정(comprehensive debt treatment)에 필요한 기본원칙에 합의하였다. 

-  우선, G20 재무장관들은 저소득국 채무상환 유예기간을 올해말에서 ’21년 6월까지 6개월 연장하는 한편, 

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-  DSSI 종료 이후 개별 국가별 보다 근본적이고 포괄적인 채무재조정이 필요하다는데 인식을 같이하고, 이를 위한 기본체계(Common Framework)^*주요내용에 합의하였다. 

* 채무재조정시 적용 대상국가, 참여채권자 조정체계 등 기본적인 원칙
다만, 회원국이 합의한 원칙의 세부내용에 대해서는 일부 국가가 공식승인을 위한 국내절차 이행이 필요하여 동 절차가 완료되는 대로 추후 G20 차원의 공식 승인 및 대외발표 예정

ㅇ 이 과정에서 우리나라는 국제금융체제 워킹그룹 공동의장국(한국, 프랑스)으로서 사우디(G20 의장국)·프랑스와 사전협의및 수차례 워킹그룹 회의를 주재하여 회원국간 의견을 조율해 나가는 등 핵심적인 역할을 수행하였다.

< G20 액션플랜 업데이트 >

□ 또한 지난 4월 G20이 마련한 G20 액션플랜에 대해서도, 최근 세계경제 상황, 코로나19 전개양상 등 변화된 경제·보건 상황을 반영하여 업데이트하는 등 추가적인 공조방안을 마련하였다. 

ㅇ 이번 액션플랜 업데이트도 지난 4월 액션플랜과 마찬가지로 ^①방역대응, ^②경제대응, ^③국제금융지원, ^④지속성장 회복, ^⑤미래준비 등 5개 분야로 구성되어 있다.

-  그간 한국은 의장단 회의, 워킹그룹 회의 등 액션플랜 업데이트 마련을 위한 실무작업에 적극 참여한 결과, 

-  G20·파리포럼 재무장관 컨퍼런스(7.8), G20 재무·보건장관 합동회의(9.18) 등에서 홍 부총리가 강조했던 ^❶경제·방역간 균형, ^❷위기대응과 디지털·그린 등 경제구조변화 대응간 균형적 접근 등 우리측 강조사항을 대부분 반영하였다. 

ㅇ G20은 이번에 마련한 G20 액션플랜 업데이트를 토대로 앞으로도 경제회복 및 코로나 완전 종식 등을 위해 지속 공조해 나갈 예정이다.

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□ 한편, 홍 부총리는 1세션에서 국제금융체제 워킹그룹의 공동의장국으로서 선도발언을 통해, DSSI와 액션플랜 업데이트에 대한 평가와 제언을 하였다.

❶ (DSSI) 홍 부총리는 DSSI 연장과 포괄적 채무재조정은 단기적으로 저소득국의 재정여력 확보뿐 아니라 중장기적으로 경제회복을 위한 기초체력 확보에 기여할 것이라고 강조하고, 2가지를 제언하였다. 

-  첫째로 G20 모든 공적채권자들의 완전한 참여와 민간 채권자의 자발적 참여를 통해 저소득국이 어려움을 극복하는데 실질적인 도움되어야 한다고 강조하였으며, 

-  둘째로 포괄적 채무재조정과 관련하여 실제 채무재조정 과정에서 채권·채무국간 원활한 조정이 이루어지려면 이번에 합의한 기본체계 원칙을 계속 구체화하기 위한 G20의 지속적인 협력이 긴요함을 역설하였다.

❷ (액션플랜 업데이트) 홍 부총리는 이번 액션플랜 업데이트에 대해 4월 이후 상황 변화를 반영하여 G20이 새롭게 또는 집중적으로 관리해야 할 과제들을 잘 선별한 것으로 평가하고, 관련하여 2가지를 제언하였다. 

-  첫째로 업데이트된 액션플랜을 충실히 이행하는 과정에서, 경제대응 조치들은 방역 조치들과 조화를 잘 이루는 동시에 국가별 특수성도 충분히 감안해야 한다고 강조하였다. 

-  둘째로 포스트 코로나 과제 등 중장기 이슈에 대한 논의동력이 떨어지지 않도록 내년 새로운 의장국(이탈리아) 체제하에서까지 지속적인 관심과 관리가 필요함을 당부하였다.

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(2) 2세션: 국제조세

□ 올해 G20 의장국인 사우디의 알자단 재무장관은 이번에 OECD- G20 IF에서 상정한 디지털세 청사진(Blueprint)에 대해,

ㅇ 코로나19 위기 상황에서도 디지털세 청사진을 마련한 것은 큰 진전이라고 평가하고, G20 회원국과 OECD에 감사를 표하였다. 

□ 홍 부총리는 2세션 발언을 통해 향후 디지털세 협의과정에서 고려해야 할 사항 2가지를 강조하였다.

❶ 첫째로, 디지털서비스업이 제조업에 비해 디지털화를 통해 시장에서 더 많은 이익을 창출하는 점을 감안, 디지털서비스업과 제조업간 이러한 차이가 고려되어야 하며, 

❷ 둘째로, 글로벌 최저한세 도입 논의와 관련하여 최저한세 도입이 조세회피 리스크가 없는 실질적인 사업활동에 부정적인 영향을 미치지 않도록 제도를 설계해 나가자고 제안하였다. 

(3) 3세션: 기타 금융이슈

□ 3세션에서는 FSB가 제출한 국경간 결제시스템 개선 로드맵 등 기존에 G20이 국제기구에 지시했던 작업성과를 보고받고, 향후 계획에 대해 논의하였다.

【 공동성명서(코뮤니케) 】

□ G20은 이번 회의 주요 논의결과 및 합의사항을 정리한 공동성명서(코뮤니케)를 채택하였다. 

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□ 이번 공동성명서를 도출하기 위해 10.12- 13일 2일간 G20 재무차관회의가 개최되었으며, 우리나라는 허장 국제경제관리관이 대표로 참석하였다.

ㅇ 협의 과정에서 우리 입장을 적극적으로 개진하고, 비슷한 견해를 갖는 나라들과 연대함으로써 상당 부분 성명서에 반영하는 성과를 거두었다. 

❶ 국제금융체제 공동의장국으로서 DSSI 이후 저소득국에 대한 채무재조정 추진 문안을 프랑스와 함께 마련하여 공동 제안하였고, 

* 공동선언문 문안: we recognize that debt treatments beyond the DSSI may be required on a case- by- case basis. In this context, we agreed in principle on a “Common Framework for Debt Treatments beyond the DSSI”, which is also agreed by the Paris Club.

❷ 코로나19의 효과적 관리가 경제회복의 선결조건으로서, 경제·방역간 균형적인 정책 추진의 중요성을 재차 강조하였다.

* 공동선언문 문안: We underscore the urgent need to bring the spread of the virus under control which is key to supporting global economic recovery, (중략)

❸ 또한 다자무역체제 강화 및 국제무역과 투자를 촉진하기 위한 글로벌 공급망 복원력의 중요성을 제기하는 한편,

* 공동선언문 문안: We will continue to facilitate international trade, investment and to build resilience of supply chains to support growth, productivity, innovation, job creation and development. We will continue to take joint action to strengthen international cooperation and frameworks.

❹ 코로나19 백신의 공평한 접근 등 9월 G20 재무·보건장관회의 합의사항을 차질없이 이행하는 것도 중요하다는 점을 강조하였다. 

* 공동선언문 문안: (중략) will take forward the commitments agreed at the G20 Finance and Health Ministers meeting on 17 September 2020.

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Communiqué

G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors Meeting

14 October 2020

While the global economy is experiencing a sharp contraction in 2020 due to the impact of the COVID- 19 pandemic, the outlook is less negative with global economic activity showing signs of recovery as our economies have been gradually reopening and the positive impacts of our significant policy actions started to materialize. However, the recovery is uneven, highly uncertain and subject to elevated downside risks. We reaffirm our determination to continue to use all available policy tools as long as required to safeguard people’s lives, jobs and incomes, support the global economic recovery, and enhance the resilience of the financial system, while safeguarding against downside risks. 

The G20 Action Plan, endorsed at our meeting on 15 April 2020, sets out the key principles guiding our response and our commitments to specific actions to drive forward international economic cooperation as we navigate this crisis and take steps to support recovery and achieve strong, sustainable, balanced and inclusive growth. Recognizing that members are in different stages of responding to the crisis and that the global economic outlook continues to evolve, we endorse the updates to the G20 Action Plan (Annex I). These updates will ensure that we promptly respond to the evolving health and economic situation. The global landscape continues to be rapidly transformed by economic, social, environmental, technological, and demographic changes. We will sustain and strengthen as necessary our efforts, considering the different stages of the crisis, to achieve strong, sustainable, balanced and inclusive growth, while making the most of current transformations in shaping the recovery, in a way consistent with our pre- crisis agenda. We reiterate our commitment that the G20 Action Plan is a living document and to regularly review, update, track implementation of, and report on it. We underscore the urgent need to bring the spread of the virus under control, which is key to supporting global economic recovery, 

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and will take forward the commitments agreed at the G20 Finance and Health Ministers meeting on 17 September 2020. We will continue to facilitate international trade, investment and to build resilience of supply chains to support growth, productivity, innovation, job creation and development. We will continue to take joint action to strengthen international cooperation and frameworks.

We remain committed to continue working together to support the poorest countries as they address health, social and economic challenges associated with the COVID- 19 pandemic. We remain committed to implementing the Debt Service Suspension Initiative (DSSI), allowing DSSIeligible countries to suspend official bilateral debt service payments through end- 2020. We welcome the progress achieved thus far. The preliminary reporting from the fiscal monitoring framework by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank Group (WBG) highlighted that, together with exceptional financing, the DSSI is significantly facilitating higher pandemic- related spending. The IMF and WBG have also continued to work on their proposal of a process to strengthen the quality and consistency of debt data and improve debt disclosure, and we look forward to further efforts in this area. In light of the continued liquidity pressure, while progressively addressing debt vulnerabilities, we agreed to extend the DSSI by 6 months, and to examine by the time of the 2021 IMF/WBG Spring Meetings if the economic and financial situation requires to extend further the DSSI by another 6 months, with targeted complements to the April 2020 DSSI Term Sheet as set forth in the attached addendum (Annex II), which is also agreed by the Paris Club. All official bilateral creditors should implement this initiative fully and in a transparent manner. We will continue to closely coordinate its ongoing implementation to provide maximum support to DSSI- eligible countries. We are disappointed by the absence of progress of private creditors’ participation in the DSSI, and strongly encourage them to participate on comparable terms when requested by eligible countries. We welcome multilateral development banks (MDBs) commitments of USD 75 billion to DSSI- eligible countries over the period between April- December 2020 alone, part of their USD 230 billion commitment to emerging and lowincome countries as a response to the pandemic. While protecting their current ratings and low cost of funding, 

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MDBs are encouraged to go further on their collective efforts in supporting the DSSI, including through providing net- positive flows to DSSI- eligible countries during the suspension period, including the extension period. We ask the MDBs to provide further details on the new resources provided to each eligible country. Building on the proposal by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) to host the data repository, we look forward to further update on the implementation of the Institute of International Finance (IIF) Voluntary Principles for Debt Transparency.

Given the scale of the COVID- 19 crisis, the significant debt vulnerabilities and deteriorating outlook in many low- income countries, we recognize that debt treatments beyond the DSSI may be required on a case- by- case basis. In this context, we agreed in principle on a “Common Framework for Debt Treatments beyond the DSSI”, which is also agreed by the Paris Club. We look forward to the endorsement of the Common Framework by members, subject to their domestic approval procedures. To this end, we will convene, ahead of the Riyadh G20 Leaders’ Summit in November 2020, an extraordinary G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors meeting where we will publish the Common Framework and also discuss outstanding issues related to the DSSI.

We reiterate our commitment to ensure a stronger global financial safety net with a strong, quotabased, and adequately resourced IMF at its center, and will keep demands on IMF resources under close review. We reiterate our call on the IMF to explore additional tools that could serve members’ needs, drawing on relevant experience from previous crises. Beyond the crisis response, we call on the IMF to prepare an analysis of the external financing needs in low income developing countries in the coming years and sustainable financing options, and on the WBG, to scale up its work and deploy instruments in new ways to mobilize private financing to these countries. We also continue to support the G20 Compact with Africa (CwA) initiative. 

We will continue our cooperation for a globally fair, sustainable, and modern international tax system. We acknowledge that the COVID- 19 pandemic has impacted the work of addressing the tax challenges arising from the 

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digitalization of the economy. We welcome the Reports on the Blueprints for Pillar 1 and Pillar 2 approved for public release by the G20/OECD Inclusive Framework on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS). Building on this solid basis, we remain committed to further progress on both pillars and urge the G20/OECD Inclusive Framework on BEPS to address the remaining issues with a view to reaching a global and consensus- based solution by mid- 2021. We welcome the report approved by the G20/OECD Inclusive Framework on BEPS on the tax policy implications of virtual currencies. We welcome the progress made on implementing the internationally agreed tax transparency standards. We will continue our support to developing countries in strengthening their tax capacity to build sustainable tax revenue bases.

We reiterate our commitment to the Financial Stability Board (FSB)’s principles, underpinning the national and international responses to COVID- 19. We look forward to the FSB’s holistic review of the March 2020 turmoil, including its assessment of whether the non- bank financial intermediation sector was sufficiently resilient. The pandemic has reaffirmed the need to enhance global cross- border payment arrangements to facilitate cheaper, faster, more inclusive and more transparent payment transactions, including for remittances. To that end, we endorse the G20 Roadmap to Enhance Cross- Border Payments, which includes practical steps and indicative timeframes to address the identified challenges. We ask the FSB, in coordination with international organizations and standard- setting bodies, to monitor the progress, review the roadmap and annually report to the G20. In the spirit of encouraging responsible innovation, we welcome the FSB’s work on the growing entry of BigTech in finance in emerging markets and developing countries and the use of supervisory and regulatory technology by authorities and regulated institutions, including the work on the G20 TechSprint, a joint initiative with the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) Innovation Hub, which sought out solutions to common supervisory and regulatory challenges from the global FinTech community. We look forward to the FSB completing the evaluation of the effects of the too- big- to- fail reforms. We also welcome the reports on work to avoid harmful market fragmentation from the FSB and the International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO), and look forward to their 

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further work on this issue. We ask the FSB to continue to deepen their analysis on procyclicality and credit worthiness. We welcome the updated G20 Financial Inclusion Action Plan (2020 FIAP), which will guide the work of the Global Partnership for Financial Inclusion (GPFI) for the next three years. We welcome the completion of the "GPFI Work Program and Structure: A Roadmap to 2020", including the updated GPFI Terms of Reference – 2020 as the final streamlining activity. Mobilizing sustainable finance and strengthening financial inclusion are important for global growth and stability. The FSB is continuing to examine the financial stability implications of climate change. We welcome growing private sector participation and transparency in these areas.

While responsible technological innovations can deliver significant benefits to the financial system and the broader economy, we are closely monitoring developments and remain vigilant to existing and emerging risks. We support that no so- called ‘global stablecoins’ should commence operation until all relevant legal, regulatory and oversight requirements are adequately addressed through appropriate design and by adhering to applicable standards. We support ongoing work by relevant international bodies on the benefits and existing and emerging risks arising from financial innovation. To this end, we welcome the reports on the so- called ‘global stablecoins’ and other similar arrangements submitted by the FSB, the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) and the IMF.We support the FSB’s high- level recommendations promoting consistent and effective regulation, supervision and oversight of the so- called ‘global stablecoins’ across jurisdictions and look forward to the FSB’s monitoring their implementation. We also look forward to the standard setting bodies engaging in the review of existing standards in light of the FSB report and making adjustments as needed. We look forward to the IMF’s further work on macro- financial implications of digital currencies and so- called ‘global stablecoins’. We support the FATF’s ongoing work to address money laundering (ML), terrorist financing (TF) and proliferation financing risks relating to virtual assets and the so- called ‘stablecoins’ and call for the full, effective and swift implementation of the FATF standards worldwide. We welcome efforts by the FATF to highlight the ML/TF risks that have arisen during the COVID- 19 pandemic and policy responses to address them. We support continued efforts to strengthen 

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cyber resilience and welcome the FSB toolkit of effective practices for cyber incident response and recovery.

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